METAL SOLUTIONS

EOS MaragingSteel MS1

Material Data Sheet

EOS MaragingSteel MS1

Parts built in EOS MaragingSteel MS1 have a chemical composition corresponding to US classification 18% Ni Maraging 300, European 1.2709 and German X3NiCoMoTi 18-9-5. This kind of steel is characterized by having very good mechanical properties, and being easily heat-treatable using a simple thermal age-hardening process to obtain excellent hardness and strength. Parts built from EOS MaragingSteel MS1 are easily machinable after the building process and can be easily post-hardened to more then 50 HRC by age-hardening at 490 °C (914 °F) for 6 hours. In both as-built and age-hardened states the parts can be machined, spark-eroded, welded, micro shot-peened, polished and coated if required. Due to the layerwise building method, the parts have a certain anisotropy, which can be reduced or removed by appropriate heat treatment.

MAIN CHARACTERISTICS

  • The parts are easily post-hardened to more than 50 HRC
  • The parts can be machined, spark-eroded, welded, micro shot-peened, polished and coated
  • Chemical composition corresponding to 18Ni300 and M300

Download Process Data Sheet (PDF)

TYPICAL APPLICATIONS

  • Injection molding tools & inserts
  • Mechanical engineering parts

The EOS Quality Triangle

EOS uses an approach that is unique in the AM industry, taking each of the three central technical elements of the production process into account: the system, the material and the process. The data resulting from each combination is assigned a Technology Readiness Level (TRL) which makes the expected performance and production capability of the solution transparent.

EOS incorporates these TRLs into the following two categories:
 
  • Premium products (TRL 7-9): offer highly validated data, proven capability and reproducible part properties. 
  • Core products (TRL 3 and 5): enable early customer access to newest technology still under development and are therefore less mature with less data.

All of the data stated in this material data sheet is produced according to EOS Quality Management System and international standards
EOS 3D Printing Solutions Quality Triangle

POWDER PROPERTIES

Parts built in EOS MaragingSteel MS1 have a chemical composition following US classification 18% Ni Maraging 300, European 1.2709 and German X3NiCoMoTi 18-9-5.

Powder Chemical Composition (wt.-%)

Element Min. Max.
Ni 17.0 19.0
Co 8.5 9.5
Mo 4.5 5.2
Ti 0.6 0.8
Al 0.05 0.15
Cr 0.0 0.5
Cu 0.0 0.5
C 0.0 0.03
Mn 0.0 0.1
Si 0.0 0.1
P 0.0 0.01
S 0.0 0.01

Powder Particle Size

GENERIC PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION 15 - 65 μm

HEAT TREATMENT

Description

EOS MaragingSteel can be heat treated to match various needs of different applications. The two step heat treatment can be performed under vacuum or inert gas atmosphere. First step is solution annealing to minimize amount of austenite in the martensitic matrix. The needed hardness and strength is achieved through aging treatment where hardening takes place through forming of intermetallic phases and precipitates

Steps

Solution annealing: 2 h at 940 °C (±10 °C) measured from the part followed by rapid air cooling to room temperature (below 32 °C). Cooling rate 5-60 °C/min. Reaching room temperature before starting aging treatment is required to achieve desired microstructure.

Aging: For peak hardness of 54 HRC age 6 h at 490 °C (±10 °C) measured from the part followed by air cooling. Mechanical properties presented in this document achieved through this aging procedure. For lower hardness and strength choose aging temperature according to the graph below

Process Data Sheet

EOS MaragingSteel MS1 for EOS M 290 | 40 µm Performance

EOS M 290 - 40 µm - TRL 8

Process Information Metal

This process product is optimized for building high quality parts with EOS M 290 using EOS MaragingSteel MS1, and also compatible with EOS M 290-2.

System Setup EOS M 290
EOS Material set MS1_040_PerformanceM291
Recoater Blade Ceramic
Nozzle EOS Grid Nozzle
Inert gas Nitrogen
Sieve 63 µm
Additional Information
Layer Thickness 40 µm
Volume Rate 4.2 mm³/s
Typical Dimensional Change after HT [%] +0.1 %

Chemical and Physical Properties of Parts

Chemical composition of printed parts matches the chemistry of EOS MaragingSteel MS1 powder.

Micrograph or polished surface

Microstructure of the Produced Parts

Defects Thickness Result Number of Samples
Average Defect Percentage 40 µm 0.04 % 10

Mechanical Properties Heat Treated

EN ISO 6892-1 Room Temperature Yield Strength [MPa] Tensile Strength [MPa] Elongation at Break A [%] Reduction of Area Z [%] Number of Samples
Vertical 2010 2100 4 - 190 -
Horizontal 2020 2085 4.5 - 190 -

Modulus of Elasticity according to ASTM E 132-04

EOS MaragingSteel can be heat treated to match  various needs of different applications. The two step  heat treatment can be performed under vacuum or inert gas atmosphere. First step is solution annealing to minimize amount of austenite in the martensitic matrix. The needed hardness and strength is achieved through aging treatment where hardening takes place through forming of intermetallic phases and precipitates.

Solution annealing:
2 h at 940 °C (±10 °C) measured from the part followed by rapid air cooling to room temperature (below 32 °C). Cooling rate 5-60 °C/min.
Reaching room temperature before starting aging treatment is required to achieve desired microstructure.

Aging:
For peak hardness of 54 HRC age 6 h at 490 °C (±10 °C) measured from the part followed by air cooling.
Mechanical properties presented in this document achieved through this aging procedure. 

T95: Tolerance intervals provide lower bounds where 95 % of the population falls with 95 % confidence. Tolerance intervals are based on validation data/QA statistics and are not directly transferable to other systems.

Impact Toughness

Charpy-V impact toughness in relation to hardness and aging temperature according to ISO 148.

Fatigue

Heat Treated
Fatigue strength [MPa] 650

Fatigue strength determines a stress level where specimen fails at a defined number of stress cycles. Fatigue strength was estimated statistically according to ISO 12107. Testing was performed according to ASTM E466. Fatigue results typically show large deviations due to the nature of the fatigue process.

Surface Roughness

Coefficient of Thermal Expansion

ASTM E228 Temperature
10.6*10-6/K 25 – 100 ºC
10.9*10-6/K 25 – 200 ºC
11.2*10-6/K 25 – 300 ºC
11.5*10-6/K 25 – 400 ºC
Process Data Sheet

EOS MaragingSteel MS1 for EOS M 290 | 50 µm

EOS M 290 - 50 µm - TRL 3

Process Information Metal

This process product is optimized for fast production of MS1 parts with EOS M 290 and also compatible with EOS M 290-2.

System Setup EOS M 290
EOS Material set MS1_050_SpeedM291
Recoater Blade Ceramic
Nozzle EOS Grid Nozzle
Inert gas Nitrogen
Sieve 63 µm
Additional Information
Layer Thickness 50 µm
Volume Rate 5.5 mm³/s
Typical Dimensional Change after HT [%] +0.1 %

Chemical and Physical Properties of Parts

Chemical composition of printed parts matches the chemistry of EOS MaragingSteel MS1 powder

Micrograph of polished surface

Microstructure of the Produced Parts

Defects Thickness Result Number of Samples
Average Defect Percentage 50 µm <0.1 % -

Mechanical Properties

Mechanical Properties Heat Treated

EN ISO 6892-1 Room Temperature Yield Strength [MPa] Tensile Strength [MPa] Elongation at Break A [%] Reduction of Area Z [%] Number of Samples
Vertical 2000 2100 2 - 190 -
Horizontal 2030 2100 3 - 190 -

Modulus of Elasticity according to ASTM E 132-04

EOS MaragingSteel can be heat treated to match  various needs of different applications. The two step  heat treatment can be performed under vacuum or inert gas atmosphere. First step is solution annealing to minimize amount of austenite in the martensitic matrix. The needed hardness and strength is achieved through aging treatment where hardening takes place through forming of intermetallic phases and precipitates.

Solution annealing:
2 h at 940 °C (±10 °C) measured from the part followed by rapid air cooling to room temperature (below 32 °C). Cooling rate 5-60 °C/min.
Reaching room temperature before starting aging treatment is required to achieve desired microstructure.

Aging:
For peak hardness of 54 HRC age 6 h at 490 °C (±10 °C) measured from the part followed by air cooling.
Mechanical properties presented in this document achieved through this aging procedure. 

Surface Roughness

Coefficient of Thermal Expansion

Temperature
10.6*10-6/K 25 – 100 ºC
10.9*10-6/K 25 – 200 ºC
11.2*10-6/K 25 – 300 ºC
11.5*10-6/K 25 – 400 ºC
Process Data Sheet

EOS MaragingSteel MS1 for EOS M 300-4 | 50 µm

EOS M 300-4 - 50 µm - TRL 3

Process Information Metal

This process product is optimized for fast production of MS1 parts with EOS M 300-4.

System Setup EOS M 300-4
EOS Material set MS1_050_CoreM304
Software Requirements

EOSPRINT 2.8 or newer

EOSYSTEM 2.11 or newer
Recoater Blade Ceramic
Inert gas Nitrogen
Sieve 63 µm
Additional Information
Layer Thickness 50 µm
Volume Rate up to 4 x 5.5 mm³/s
Typical Dimensional Change after HT [%] +0.1 %

Chemical and Physical Properties of Parts

Chemical composition of printed parts matches the chemistry of EOS MaragingSteel MS1 powder.

Micrograph of polished surface

Microstructure of the Produced Parts

Defects Thickness Result Number of Samples
Average Defect Percentage 50 µm <0.1 % -

Mechanical Properties

Mechanical Properties Heat Treated

EN ISO 6892-1 Room Temperature Yield Strength [MPa] Tensile Strength [MPa] Elongation at Break A [%] Reduction of Area Z [%] Number of Samples
Vertical 1990 2110 3 - 190 -
Horizontal 2040 2120 4 - 190 -

Modulus of Elasticity according to ASTM E 132-04

EOS MaragingSteel can be heat treated to match  various needs of different applications. The two step  heat treatment can be performed under vacuum or inert gas atmosphere. First step is solution annealing to minimize amount of austenite in the martensitic matrix. The needed hardness and strength is achieved through aging treatment where hardening takes place through forming of intermetallic phases and precipitates.

Solution annealing:
2 h at 940 °C (±10 °C) measured from the part followed by rapid air cooling to room temperature (below 32 °C). Cooling rate 5-60 °C/min.
Reaching room temperature before starting aging treatment is required to achieve desired microstructure.

Aging:
For peak hardness of 54 HRC age 6 h at 490 °C (±10 °C) measured from the part followed by air cooling.
Mechanical properties presented in this document achieved through this aging procedure. 

Coefficient of Thermal Expansion

Temperature
10.6*10-6/K 25 – 100 ºC
10.9*10-6/K 25 – 200 ºC
11.2*10-6/K 25 – 300 ºC
11.5*10-6/K 25 – 400 ºC
Process Data Sheet

EOS MaragingSteel MS1 for EOS M 400 | 50 µm

EOS M 400 - 50 µm - TRL 3

Process Information Metal

This process product is optimized for fast production of MS1 parts with EOS M 400-1.

System Setup EOS M 400
EOS Material set MS1_050_FlexM400
Recoater Blade Ceramic
Nozzle Standard
Inert gas Nitrogen
Sieve 63 µm
Additional Information
Layer Thickness 50 µm
Volume Rate 5.5 mm³/s
Typical Dimensional Change after HT [%] +0.1 %

Chemical and Physical Properties of Parts

Chemical composition of built parts is compliant to EOS MaragingSteel MS1 powder chemical composition.

Micrograph of polished surface

Microstructure of the Produced Parts

Defects Thickness Result Number of Samples
Average Defect Percentage 50 µm <0.1 % -

Mechanical Properties

Mechanical Properties Heat Treated

EN ISO 6892-1 Room Temperature Yield Strength [MPa] Tensile Strength [MPa] Elongation at Break A [%] Reduction of Area Z [%] Number of Samples
Vertical 2000 2100 2 - 190 -
Horizontal 2030 2100 2 - 190 -

Modulus of Elasticity according to ASTM E 132-04

EOS MaragingSteel can be heat treated to match  various needs of different applications. The two step  heat treatment can be performed under vacuum or inert gas atmosphere. First step is solution annealing to minimize amount of austenite in the martensitic matrix. The needed hardness and strength is achieved through aging treatment where hardening takes place through forming of intermetallic phases and precipitates.

Solution annealing:
2 h at 940 °C (±10 °C) measured from the part followed by rapid air cooling to room temperature (below 32 °C). Cooling rate 5-60 °C/min.
Reaching room temperature before starting aging treatment is required to achieve desired microstructure.

Aging:
For peak hardness of 54 HRC age 6 h at 490 °C (±10 °C) measured from the part followed by air cooling.
Mechanical properties presented in this document achieved through this aging procedure. 

Coefficient of Thermal Expansion

Temperature
10.6*10-6/K 25 – 100 ºC
10.9*10-6/K 25 – 200 ºC
11.2*10-6/K 25 – 300 ºC
11.5*10-6/K 25 – 400 ºC
Process Data Sheet

EOS MaragingSteel MS1 for EOS M 400-4 | 40 µm Flex

EOS M 400-4 - 40 µm - TRL 7

Process Information Metal

This process product is optimized for building high quality parts with EOS M 400-4 system using EOS MaragingSteel MS1.

System Setup EOS M 400-4
EOS Material set MS1_040_FlexM404
Recoater Blade Ceramic
Nozzle Standard
Inert gas Nitrogen
Sieve 63 µm
Additional Information
Layer Thickness 40 µm
Volume Rate up to 4 x 4.2 mm³/s
Typical Dimensional Change after HT [%] +0.1 %

Chemical and Physical Properties of Parts

Chemical composition of built parts is compliant to EOS MaragingSteel MS1 powder chemical composition.

Micrograph of polished surface

Microstructure of the Produced Parts

Defects Thickness Result Number of Samples
Average Defect Percentage 40 µm <0.1 % -

Mechanical Properties Heat Treated

EN ISO 6892-1 Room Temperature Yield Strength [MPa] Tensile Strength [MPa] Elongation at Break A [%] Reduction of Area Z [%] Number of Samples
Vertical 1990 2070 3.5 - 190 -
Horizontal 2000 2070 4 - 190 -

Modulus of Elasticity according to ASTM E 132-04

EOS MaragingSteel can be heat treated to match  various needs of different applications. The two step  heat treatment can be performed under vacuum or inert gas atmosphere. First step is solution annealing to minimize amount of austenite in the martensitic matrix. The needed hardness and strength is achieved through aging treatment where hardening takes place through forming of intermetallic phases and precipitates.

Solution annealing:
2 h at 940 °C (±10 °C) measured from the part followed by rapid air cooling to room temperature (below 32 °C). Cooling rate 5-60 °C/min.
Reaching room temperature before starting aging treatment is required to achieve desired microstructure.

Aging:
For peak hardness of 54 HRC age 6 h at 490 °C (±10 °C) measured from the part followed by air cooling.
Mechanical properties presented in this document achieved through this aging procedure. 

T90: Tolerance intervals provide lower bounds where 90 % of the population falls with 95 % confidence. Tolerance intervals are based on validation data/QA statistics and are not directly transferable to other systems.

Coefficient of Thermal Expansion

Temperature
10.6*10-6/K 25 – 100 ºC
10.9*10-6/K 25 – 200 ºC
11.2*10-6/K 25 – 300 ºC
11.5*10-6/K 25 – 400 ºC
Process Data Sheet

EOS MaragingSteel MS1 for EOS M 400-4 | 80 µm

EOS M 400-4 - 80 µm - TRL 3

Process Information Metal

This process product is optimized for fast production of MS1 parts with EOS M 400-4.

System Setup EOS M 400-4
EOS Material set MS1_080_CoreM404
Required Software Plan EOS BUILD
Software Requirements

EOSPRINT 2.16 or newer
EOSYSTEM 2.20 or newer
Recoater Blade Ceramic
Nozzle EOS Aerospike Nozzle
Inert gas Nitrogen
Sieve 63 µm
Additional Information
Layer Thickness 80 µm
Volume Rate up to 4 x 7.68 mm³/s

Chemical and Physical Properties of Parts

Chemical composition of built parts is compliant to EOS MaragingSteel MS1 powder chemical composition.

Micrograph of polished surface

Microstructure of the Produced Parts

Defects Thickness Result Number of Samples
Average Defect Percentage 80 µm <0.1 % -

Mechanical Properties

Mechanical Properties Heat Treated

EN ISO 6892-1 Room Temperature Yield Strength [MPa] Tensile Strength [MPa] Elongation at Break A [%] Reduction of Area Z [%] Number of Samples
Vertical 1980 2050 4 - 190 -
Horizontal 1990 2055 4 - 190 -

Modulus of Elasticity according to ASTM E 132-04

EOS MaragingSteel can be heat treated to match  various needs of different applications. The two step  heat treatment can be performed under vacuum or inert gas atmosphere. First step is solution annealing to minimize amount of austenite in the martensitic matrix. The needed hardness and strength is achieved through aging treatment where hardening takes place through forming of intermetallic phases and precipitates.

Solution annealing:
2 h at 940 °C (±10 °C) measured from the part followed by rapid air cooling to room temperature (below 32 °C). Cooling rate 5-60 °C/min.
Reaching room temperature before starting aging treatment is required to achieve desired microstructure.

Aging:
For peak hardness of 54 HRC age 6 h at 490 °C (±10 °C) measured from the part followed by air cooling.
Mechanical properties presented in this document achieved through this aging procedure. 

Modulus of Elasticity according to ASTM E 132-04

Surface Roughness

Coefficient of Thermal Expansion

Temperature
10.6*10-6/K 25 – 100 ºC
10.9*10-6/K 25 – 200 ºC
11.2*10-6/K 25 – 300 ºC
11.5*10-6/K 25 – 400 ºC
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